1. You should spend about 20 minutes on
this task.
The table shows the worldwide market
share of the mobile phone market for manufactures in the years 2005 and 2006.
Summarise the information by
selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Worldwide Mobile phone Sales in 2005
& 2006 (% share of market)
|
Company
|
2005 % Market share
|
2006 % Market share
|
|
Nokia
|
32.5
|
35
|
|
Motorola
|
17.7
|
21.1
|
|
Samsung
|
12.7
|
11.8
|
|
Sony Ericsson
|
6.3
|
7.4
|
|
L.G
|
6.7
|
6.3
|
|
BenQ Mobile
|
4.9
|
2.4
|
|
Others
|
19.2
|
16.2
|
|
TOTAL
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
Model answer:
The
table gives information on the market share of mobile phone manufactures for
two consecutive years, 2005 and 2006.
In
both years, Nokia was clearly the market leader, selling 32.5% of all mobile
phones in 2005, and slightly more (35%) in 2006. This is a greater market share
than its two closest competitors, Motorola and Samsung, added together.
Motorola
increased its market share from 17.7% in 2005 to 21.1% in 2006. In contrast,
Samsung saw its share of the market decline slightly from 12.7% to 11.8%.
The
other companies listed each had a much smaller share of the market. Sony
Ericsson’s share increased from 6.3% in 2005 to 7.4% in 2006 whereas L.G
decreased slightly from 6.7% to 6.3%. BenQ Mobile’s share more than halved from
2005 to 2006; from 4.9% of the market to only 2.4%.
Other
mobile phone manufactures accounted for 19.2% of the market in 2005- more than
all the companies mentioned except Nokia. However, in 2006 the other companies
only made 16.2% of mobile phone sales- less than both Nokia and Motorola.
(176
words)
2. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The table below gives information about rail transport in four countries in 2007.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
| Country | Number of People using rail transport (not including metro) | Passenger kilometres per head of population |
Cargo carried (billions of tons) |
| Malaysia | 5.9 | 770 | 22.2 |
| Canada | 0.3 | 80 | 2820 |
| China | 27 | 1980 | 23.01 |
| UAE | 5.5 | 780 | 21.9 |
Model answer:
The table shows details for four countries concerning
the percentage of the population who use the railways, how many
kilometres each person travels on average, and the number of tons of
cargo the railways carry.
What is surprising is that very few Americans use rail-
less than half of one per cent- and they do not travel far (just 80
kilometres). However, the Canada carries by far the most cargo, nearly 3
thousand billion tons. This contrasts greatly with China, where 27% of
the population use rail, and they each travel further (1980 kilometres)
than any of the other countries. On the other hand, less than 25 billion
tons of freight is carried.
The two countries which are most similar are the
Malaysia and UAE. Both have between 5 and 6% of people who use trains,
they travel between 770 and 780 kilometres and the amount of freight is
approximately the same (22.2 and 21.9 billion tons respectively).
In general it can be seen that while citizens of the
Canada use rail transport the least, they transport the most amount of
cargo by rail.
(184 words)
3. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The bar chart below shows the production of the world’s oil in OPEC and non-OPEC countries.
Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.
Write at least 150 words.
Model answer:
The graph gives past, present and future data
concerning the production of world’s oil on OPEC and non-OPEC countries.
The figures indicate that while the production of oil in Middle Eastern
OPEC countries is predicted to increase considerably, oil production
elsewhere is likely to fall.
Between 1980 and 2000, most of the world’s oil came
from non-OPEC countries; only two million barrels per day were produced
by OPEC countries. Since then, these figures have changed considerably.
Between 2000 and 2010 it is predicted that approximately 10 million
barrels will come from Middle Eastern OPEC countries, while a further 10
million barrels will be provided by other OPEC or non-OPEC countries.
Although forecasters predict that oil production is
likely stabilise between 2010 and 2020, a lot more of this oil is
expected to come from the Middle Eastern OPEC countries, and under 5
million barrels per day from other areas.
(149 words)
4. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The bar charts below show the Marriage and Divorce Statistics for nine countries in 1981 and 1994.
Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.
Write at least 150 words.
Model answer:
As we can see from the information, there was a general
trend for the number of marriage to decrease over 13 years in most of
the countries. In 1981, the USA had the most marriages (10.6 per
thousand) but by 1994 this had fallen to 9.1 per thousands. The number
of marriages also fell substantially in Finland and France. The only
country where there was an increase in the number of marriage was
Denmark.
By comparison the rate of divorce increased in most
countries over the same period. The only exceptions to this trend were
Germany, where there was no change, and the USA and Denmark, where the
figure fell. The country with the fewest divorce in both 1981 and 1994
was Italy.
(123 words)
5. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The table below gives statistics about the size
of US households over a number of years. (Household = all the people
living together in one house.) Study the information and answer the
question.
Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.
Write at least 150 words.
US household by size 1790-1990
| Year | Per cent distribution of number of households | Average population per household | ||||||
| 1 person | 2 person | 3 person | 4 person | 5 person | 6 person | 7 person | ||
| 1790 | 3.7% | 7.8% | 11.7% | 13.9% | 13.9% | 13.2 | 35.8% | 5.4 |
| 1890 | 3.6% | 13.2% | 16.7% | 16.8% | 15.1% | 11.6% | 23.0% | 4.9 |
| 1990 | 24.6% | 32.2% | 17.2% | 15.6% | 6.7% | 2.3% | 1.4% | 2.6 |
Model answer:
We can see from the table that households in the US
have become much smaller over the last 200 years. Households in 1790 had
an average of 5.4 members but by 1990 the figure had fallen by about
half to only 2.6.
In 1790 35.8% of all households had seven members. This
was still the most common household size in 1890 but the proportion had
dropped slightly to 23%. One-person households were the least common,
representing less than 4% of the total in both 1790 and 1890. By 1990,
however, there had been a major change. Now only about 1% of household
had seven members, while 56.8% of all households consisted of only one
or two people.
6. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The chart below gives information about global population percentages and distribution of wealth by region.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Model answer:
The chart compares population shares in various regions
of the world with the distribution of wealth in these same regions. It
can be seen that population shares in almost all cases do not relate to
the distribution of wealth.
Even though North America has only approximately 6% of
the world’s population, it boasts nearly 34% of global wealth. A similar
situation can be seen in Europe, which has 15% of the global population
but 30% of global wealth, and the rich (high income) Asia-Pacific
countries with 5% of the world’s population but 24% of its wealth.
On the other hand, the total wealth of people in China,
India, Africa, Latin America and Caribbean, and the other poor (lower
income) countries in Asia-Pacific is far less than their shares of the
world population. This is most striking in India, where 16% of the
world’s population own only 1% of the world’s wealth and in China, which
has the highest percentage of global population (24%) but only 3% of
the world’s wealth.
(170words)
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The flow chart illustrates the consequence of
deforestation. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the
main features.
Write at least 150 words
Model answer:
The flow chart shows what typically occurs as a
consequence of deforestation. When trees are removed, there are four
main immediate effects, which eventually result in flooding, degraded
vegetation and a loss of biodiversity.
One immediate effect is soil which has been compacted
by heavy equipment. The result hard, ‘baked’ soil contributes to the run
off of rain water and, eventually, flooding.
Another immediate consequence of logging is a reduction
in the number of roots holding the soil together. This leads to soil
erosion. As a consequence, the quality and variety of vegetation is
compromised.
The third immediate effect is burning, both deliberate
and a consequence of an increased risk of forest fires. The waste that
remains after loggings is destroyed and the microorganisms that feed on
this material are lost. This leads to degraded vegetation.
The final immediate consequence is a reduction in the
amount of moisture plants return to the air. Because there is less
moisture in the air, there is less precipitation and an increased
incidence of drought. This too reduces plant growth and ultimately
results in degraded vegetation and a loss of biodiversity.
(187 words)
8. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The diagram shows how apple is canned.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words
Model answer:
The diagram shows how fresh apple is canned. First the
apple is picked from trees by hand. It is then transported to the
cannery by large trucks. At the cannery the apple is washed and quality
checked, and any poor quality apple is rejected.
The good quality apple is put into cold storage. When
it is ready for canning the apple is weighted and graded. The grading
ensures that the apple of a similar size is kept together. After this
the apple is peeled and the cores are removed. It is then sliced into
the required sizes and put into cans. Juice or syrup is also added to
the cans.
Once the cans have been filled they are sealed and
cooked over heat to ensure that the cans are sterilized. When the cans
are cool, a label is attached and they are placed into storage. The
canned apple is now ready to be despatched to supermarkets and sold.
(158 words)
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