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Monday 27 May 2013

TOEFL Word List 1600 (2)


facet: small, smooth, flat surface, as on a bone or tooth; side; a smooth surface

facile: done or achieved with little effort or difficulty; ready or fluent

facilitate: help bring about; make less difficult

facility: service, space, and equipment provided for a particular purpose

fade: disappear; die out; lose color; lose freshness

faint: lacking strength or vigor ; weak

fake: imitation; counterfeit; having a false or misleading appearance

falter: be unsteady in purpose or action, as from loss of courage or confidence

famine: shortage of food; starvation

fancy: capricious notion; something many people believe that is false

fare: food and drink; diet; transportation charge; a paying passenger

fasten: attach; affix

fatal: causing death

fatigue: physical or mental weariness; exhaustion

feasible: capable of being accomplished or brought about

feat: achievement; accomplishment

fee: give a tip beyond the agreed-on compensation

feeble: lacking vigor, force, or effectiveness; faint; frail

feign: make false appearance of; disguise; conceal; invent or imagine

felicity: great happiness; pleasing and appropriate manner or style

ferocious: fierce; savage; wild; indicating cruelty

fertile: rich; fruitful; inventive; creative; intellectually productive

fervent: extremely hot; sincerely or intensely felt

fickle: not fixed or firm; liable to change; unstable; of a changeable mind

fidelity: faithfulness to obligations, duties, or observances

finance: management of money and credit and banking and investments; subsidizing; fund

finite: having a limit; limited in quantity, degree, or capacity; bounded

fitting: small accessory to a larger system; small detachable part for a machine or apparatus; act of trying on clothes

flagrant: obvious and offensive, blatant, scandalous; flaming into notice

flaw: crack or breach; gap or fissure; defect; fault; sudden burst of noise and disorder

flee: run away, as from danger or evil; avoid in alarmed or cowardly manner

flexible: pliant; elastic; capable of being bent or flexed; pliable

flimsy: weak; feeble; limp; slight; vain; without strength or solidity

flip: go mad, go crazy; turn upside down, or throw so as to reverse; toss with a sharp movement

florid: reddish; elaborately or excessively ornamented

fluctuate: rise and fall in or as if in waves; shift; vary irregularly

foggy: obscured by fog; indistinct or hazy in outline

fold: make something double; bend or lay so that one part covers the other

forego: precede; go ahead of; go forward; go on

foremost: leading; main; primary; first in time or place

forestall: prevent by taking action in advance

forlorn: sad and lonely; wretched; abandoned or left behind

formative: developing; forming; capable of forming or molding

foul: act that violates of the rules of a sport

fragile: easy to destroy, delicate, not strong

fragment: small part broken off or detached; fraction

fragrant: pleasant-smelling; odorous

frail: physically weak; easily broken

framework: fundamental structure, as for a written work; skeleton

fraud: getting money by lying or cheating; something intended to deceive

fraudulent: cheating; deceitful; planning or using fraud; given to practice of fraud

frenetic: excessively agitated; transported with rage or other violent emotion

frustrate: make null; bring to nothing; prevent from taking effect or attaining fulfillment

fugitive: lasting only a short time; fleeting; elusive

fundamental: relating to foundation or base; elementary; primary; essential

fuse: combine; blend; become plastic or fluid or liquefied from heat

fusion: union; act of melting together by heat

futile: useless; having no useful result; vain

gainsay: speak against; contradict; oppose in words; deny or declare not to be true

gale: very strong wind; gust of wind; emotional outburst as laughter or tears

gap: opening through mountains; pass; conspicuous difference or imbalance

garrulous: talking much and repetition of unimportant or trivial details

gaudy: very showy or ornamented, especially when excessive, or in a tasteless or vulgar manner

genial: friendly; cordial; having a pleasant or friendly disposition or manner

gentle: well-born; of a good family or respectable birth; mild; meek; bland; amiable; tender

genuine: authentic; real; true

germane: related to the topic being discussed or considered; appropriate or fitting; relevant

germinate: cause to sprout or grow; come into existence

ghastly: horrible; inspiring shock; extremely unpleasant or bad

glisten: sparkle or shine, especially shine with a mild, subdued, and fitful luster; emit a soft, scintillating light; gleam

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glitter: bright, sparkling light; brilliant and showy luster; brilliancy

glorify: cause to seem more splendid; beautify

glossy: smooth and shining; reflecting luster from smooth or polished surface; plausible

goad: urge with a long pointed stick; give heart or courage to

gorgeous: dazzlingly beautiful; magnificent

grab: take or grasp suddenly; snatch; capture

grace: elegance and beauty of movement or expression; short prayer of thanks before a meal

graphic: represented by graph; described in vivid detail; clearly outlined

grasp: grip; take hold of or seize firmly with or as if with the hand

gratuitous: given freely; unwarranted; granted without recompense; unearned

grave: place for the burial; death or extinction

gravity: seriousness; solemn and dignified feeling; natural force between two massive bodies

graze: scrape gently; feed on growing grasses and herbage

gregarious: sociable; seeking and enjoying the company of others

grim: unrelenting; rigid; dismal and gloomy; cold and forbidding

grip: hold fast or firmly; seize as in a wrestling match

gross: of huge size; excessively large; coarse; rough; not fine or delicate

grueling: by effort to the point of exhaustion, especially physical effort

grumble: utter or emit low dull rumbling sounds

guile: skillful deceit; disposition to deceive or cheat; disguise cunningly

gullible: easily deceived or cheated; easily tricked because of being too trusting

gusto: vigorous enjoyment; enthusiasm

haggle: argue about prices; bargain, as over the price of something

hamper: put at disadvantage; prevent progress or free movement of

handy: convenient; close

haphazard: not thorough, constant or consistent; by chance

harangue: noisy speech; speech or piece of writing with strong feeling or expression

harass: irritate or torment persistently; wear out; exhaust

harmony: compatibility in opinion and action; an agreeable sound property

harness: stable gear consisting of an arrangement to an animal so that it can be attached to and pull a cart

harsh: rough; coarse; severe; unpleasantly stern

hasty: easily angered; irritable; made too quickly to be accurate or wise

haul: draw slowly or heavily; pull or drag forcibly; shift direction

havoc: wide and general destruction; devastation; waste

hazardous: dangerous; reckless; daring; inclined to run risks

hector: behave like a bully; swagger; intimidate or dominate in a blustering way

hedonist: one who believes that pleasure is the sole aim in life

heed: pay attention to; listen to and consider

heighten: enhance; hoist; raise or increase the quantity or degree of; intensify

herald: proclaim; announces important news; messenger

heretic: one who holds to a heresy; one who believes some doctrine contrary to the established faith or prevailing religion

heterogeneous: consisting of dissimilar elements or parts; completely different

hilarious: by or causing great merriment or happiness; gay or merry

hinder: put at a disadvantage; tie up; hamper; prevent the progress

hoax: act intended to deceive or trick; practical joke

hoist: raise; lift; elevate

holocaust: great destruction resulting in the extensive loss of life, especially by fire; massive slaughter

homogeneous: of the same or similar nature or kind

hospitable: disposed to treat guests with warmth and generosity; receptive

hospitality: act or practice of one who is hospitable; reception and entertainment of strangers or guests without reward

hostage: prisoner who is held by one party to insure that another party will meet specified terms

hostile: unfriendly; showing the disposition of an enemy

hub: core port; nucleus; heart; center

hue: color; appearance; particular gradation of color

humiliate: cause to feel shame; hurt the pride of

hurl: throw with great force; cast; toss

hyperbole: figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis; overstatement

hypocrite: one who puts on a false appearance of virtue; one who pretends to hold beliefs

ideal: existing in idea or thought; conception; intellectual; mental; imaginary standard of excellence; fit for a model; faultless

idiosyncrasy: behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual

idle: useless; vain; trifling; unprofitable; thoughtless; given rest and ease; avoiding work or employment; lazy

illiterate: uncultured; uneducated; not able to read or write

illusion: misleading vision; being deceived by a false perception or belief

illustrate: represent; demonstrate; depict; clarify, as by use of examples or comparisons

imaginary: having existence only in the imagination; fanciful; visionary

imbibe: drink in; absorb or take in as if by drinking

immense: enormous; boundless; so great as to be beyond measurement

imminent: near at hand; close in time; about to occur

immortal: not mortal; exempt from liability to die; undying; imperishable; lasting forever

immune: resistant to; free or exempt from; not subject to

immutable: unable to be changed without exception; not mutable

impair: injure or hurt; become worse; affect negatively

impartial: not biased; fair; showing lack of favoritism

impecunious: without money; poor; penniless

impediment: any structure that makes progress difficult; stumbling-block

impel: drive or force onward; drive forward; urge to action through moral pressure

impending: close in time; about to occur; approaching

imperceptible: impossible or difficult to perceive by the mind or senses

implement: put into effect; supply with tools

impose: demand; force; compel to behave in a certain way

impromptu: without previous preparation

improvise: compose, perform, or do something with little or no preparation

impute: lay responsibility or blame for, often unjustly

incandescent: strikingly bright; shining with intense heat; emitting light as result of being heated

incense: enrage; infuriate; cause to be extremely angry

incentive: something, such as the fear of punishment or the expectation of reward

incessant: uninterrupted; unceasing; continuing without interruption

incipient: beginning to exist or appear; in an early stage

incise: cut; carve

incognito: with one's identity disguised or concealed; in disguise; in an assumed character, or under an assumed title

incompatible: inharmonious; impossible to coexist; not easy to combine harmoniously

incongruous: not fitting; lacking in harmony or compatibility

increment: process of increasing in number, size, quantity, or extent

incriminate: accuse of a crime or other wrongful act; suggest that someone is guilty

incumbent: imposed as an obligation or duty; currently holding an office

indict: charge; accuse formally of a crime

indifferent: having no particular interest or concern; being neither good nor bad

indigenous: native; originating where it is found

indigent: poor; experiencing want or need; impoverished

indignant: affected with indignation; wrathful; passionate; irate; feeling wrath by unworthy or unjust treatment

indiscriminate: choosing at random; not marked by fine distinctions

indispensable: essential; requisite; impossible to be omitted or remitted

induce: persuade; bring about; reason or establish by induction

inept: lacking of judgment, sense, or reason; unsuited; inappropriate; foolish

inevitable: unavoidable; incapable of being avoided or prevented

infamous: notoriously bad; having exceedingly bad reputation

infinite: unlimited or boundless, in time or space; without limit in power, capacity, knowledge, or excellence

infinitesimal: very small; immeasurably or incalculably minute

infringe: act contrary to, as a law, right, or obligation; annul or hinder

infuriate: enrage; make furious or mad with anger

ingenious: clever; having inventive or cunning mind

ingenuous: naive and trusting; young; unsophisticated

ingredient: element in a mixture or compound

inhabit: live in; occupy; reside in

inherent: firmly established by nature or habit

inhibit: restrain; prevent or forbid; hold back

inimical: unfriendly; hostile; harmful; detrimental

initial: early; preliminary; occurring at the beginning

injurious: harmful; tending to injure or impair; abusive; insulting

innate: possessed at birth; inborn

innocuous: having no adverse effect; harmless

innovative: marked by or given to innovations; introducing a change

inopportune: untimely; poorly chosen; inappropriate or ill-timed

inordinate: exceeding reasonable limits; excessive; not regulated; disorderly

inroad: entrance of an enemy into a country with purposes of hostility; sudden or desultory incursion or invasion; raid; encroachment

insinuate: hint; suggest; introduce by subtle and artful means

insipid: lacking flavor or zest; not tasty; dull

insolent: strange; unusual; haughty or brutal in behavior or language; grossly rude or disrespectful

insolvent: bankrupt; unable to repay one's debts

inspire: encourage; inspirit; fire the imagination of

instantaneous: instant; immediate; occurring with no delay

instigate: goad or urge forward; provoke; incite

insult: offend; affront; treat, mention, or speak to rudely

insurrection: rebellion; uprising; rising against civil or political authority

intact: undamaged in any way; integrated; whole

integral: essential or necessary for completeness; entire

intelligible: understandable; clear to the mind

intense: extreme; acute; in an extreme degree

interim: time between one event, process; interval of time

interminable: being or seeming to be without an end; endless; tedious; continual

intervene: get involved; come, appear, or lie between two things

intimate: give to understand; imply as a possibility; make known subtly and indirectly

intimidate: frighten; make timid; fill with fear

intractable: difficult to manage or govern; stubborn; unyielding

intrepid: fearless; indicating or springing from courage

intricate: complex; elaborate; having many complexly arranged elements

intrigue: captivate; cause to be interested or curious; plot for: scheme for

intrude: trespass; enter as an uninvited person

invaluable: valuable under estimation; inestimable; priceless

inventory: check list; a collection of resources

inveterate: deep-rooted; firmly and long established; habitual

invincible: incapable of being overcome or defeated; unconquerable

inviting: attractive; tempting

involuntary: acting or done without or against one's will

irate: feeling or showing extreme anger; enraged

irreversible: impossible to reverse or be reversed

irrevocable: unalterable; irreversible; impossible to retract or revoke

irritable: easily annoyed; abnormally sensitive to a stimulus

itinerant: wandering; traveling place to place, especially to perform work or duty

jagged: unevenly cut; having the texture of something so cut; having a rough quality

jeopardy: exposure to death, loss, or injury; hazard; risk of loss or injury

jolly: be joyous, merry, and mirthful; excite mirth and gayety; keep amused or diverted

jolt: sudden jerking, as from a heavy blow; sudden, strong feeling of surprise or disappointment

jovial: good-natured; marked by good cheer; cheerful and good-humored

judicious: exhibiting good judgment or sound thinking; prudent

juncture: point in time, especially a critical point; joining point

juvenile: youth; adolescent; not fully grown or developed

keen: acute; incisive; sharp ; express grief verbally

knack: clever, expedient way of doing something; specific talent, especially one difficult to explain or teach

lag: delay; drag; the act of slowing down or falling behind

laggard: slow; sluggish; wasting time

landscape: scenery; expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view

landslide: slide of a large mass of dirt and rock down a mountain or cliff; overwhelming electoral victory

languid: lacking energy or vitality; weak; sluggish; lacking spirit or liveliness

lapse: gliding, slipping, or gradual falling; unobserved or imperceptible progress; slip or error; failing in duty

lassitude: state or feeling of weariness, diminished energy, or listlessness

latent: present or potential but not evident or active; dormant; hidden

laud: give praise to; glorify; celebrate or honor

lavish: liberal; wasteful; excessive spending

lax: loose and not easily controlled; lacking in rigor or strictness

leaflet: small leaf; leaf like organ or part

legendary: mythical; fabled; extremely well known; famous or renowned

legitimate: accordant with law; lawful; based on logical reasoning; reasonable

lenient: relaxing; emollient; softening

lethal: deadly; causing or capable of causing death

lethargic: drowsy; dull; indifferent or apathetic

levity: lack of seriousness; lightness of manner or speech, especially when inappropriate

lewd: lustful; indecent; suggestive of or tending to moral looseness

liable: bound or obliged in law or equity

liaison: close relationship, connection, or link; secret love affair

licentious: amoral; unrestrained; lacking moral discipline or ignoring legal restraint

linger: be slow in leaving; continue or persist; stay

link: be or become joined or united; connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces

loathsome: highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust

locate: find; monitor; settle; determine or specify the position or limits o

locomotion: self-propelled movement; power or ability to move

lofty: high, tall, having great height; idealistic, implying over-optimism

loom: appear or take shape, usually in enlarged or distorted form

lucid: easily understood; clear; intelligible

lucrative: profitable; producing good profit

lugubrious: mournful, dismal, or gloomy, especially to exaggerated degree

lull: moment of calm; a period of calm weather; temporary quiet and rest

lullaby: song to quiet babes or lull them to sleep

lumber: move heavily or clumsily; cut down timber of

luminous: shining; emitting light, especially emitting self-generated light

lunatic: insane; mad; wildly or giddily foolish

lure: bait; charm; attract

lurid: causing shock or horror; gruesome

lurk: stealthily lie in waiting; exist unperceived

luster: shine, polish or sparkle; soft reflected light

lustrous: giving out or shedding light, as sun or fire; reflecting light; having brilliant surface

luxurious: rich and superior in quality; lavish

magnificent: grand or noble in thought or deed; outstanding of its kind

magnify: intensify; increase; make greater in size; enlarge

magnitude: extent; greatness of rank, size, or position

makeup: composition; structure; the way in which someone or something is composed

malady: disease, disorder, or ailment; unwholesome condition

malediction: curse; evil speaking; utterance of curse or execration

malice: enmity of heart; malevolence; ill will; spirit delighting in harm or misfortune to another

malign: speak evil of; bad-mouth; defame

malignant: injurious; tending to cause death; disposed to do evil

mandatory: obligatory; required or commanded by authority

manifest: clearly apparent to understanding; obvious

mar: spoil or damage; impair the soundness, perfection, or integrity of

maritime: relating to, or adjacent to the sea; nautical

marked: noticeable or pronounced; having one or more distinguishing marks

massacre: killing of a considerable number of human beings under circumstances of atrocity or cruelty

masterpiece: chief excellence or great talent; outstanding work of art or craft

mature: develop and reach maturity; grow old or older

maxim: proverb; formulation of fundamental principle or general truth

meager: deficient in quantity, fullness, or extent; inadequate; feeble

meddle: mix; mingle; interfere or busy one's self improperly with another's affairs, specifically, to handle or disturb another's property without permission

mediate: resolve or settle differences by working with all conflicting parties

meek: quiet and obedient; showing patience and humility

memorable: unforgettable; worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable

menace: danger; a threat or the act of threatening; something that is a source of danger; threaten; intimidate

mend: make repairs or restoration to; fix; improve

mercurial: capricious; liable to sudden unpredictable change; quick and changeable in temperament

merge: combine; unite

mesmerize: hypnotize; attract strongly, as if with magnet; bring into a state of mesmeric sleep

meteor: any of the small solid extraterrestrial bodies that hits the earth's atmosphere

meticulous: excessively careful; marked by extreme care in treatment of details

mingle: be all mixed up or jumbled together;

minuscule: very small; tiny; lowercase letter

minute: extremely small; short note

mirth: gladness and gaiety, especially when expressed by laughter

misappropriate: appropriate wrongly; use for wrong purpose; embezzle

misdemeanor: minor crime; ill behavior; evil conduct; misdeed

misrepresent: give false or incorrect impression, often deliberately; serve unsatisfactorily as representative

mock: treat with ridicule or contempt; mimic; frustrate hopes of

moderate: temperate; gentle; mild; make less fast or intense ; preside over

molest: trouble; disturb; render uneasy; interfere with; vex

monitor: observe; watch; keep an eye on

monotonous: boring; dull; tediously repetitious or lacking in variety

monumental: massive; taking a great amount of time and effort to complete; in manner of a monument

morale: confidence; mood or spirit of a group that makes the members wants the group to succeed

morbid: caused by disease; pathological or diseased; unhealthy or unwholesome

mortify: cause to experience shame or humiliation; embarrass

mournful: feeling or expressing sorrow or grief; sad; gloomy

mundane: belonging to this earth or world; not ideal or heavenly; concerned with commonplaces; ordinary

murky: dark and gloomy; thick with fog; vague

mute: refraining from producing speech or vocal sound; unable to speak; expressed without speech; unspoken

mysterious: beyond ordinary understanding

mythical: legendary; fictitious; existing in myth

nausea: feeling of sickness in stomach by an urge to vomit; strong aversion; disgust

neglect: disregard; ignore; pay little or no attention to

negligible: so small, trifling, or unimportant that it may be easily disregarded

nibble: bite by little at a time; seize gently with the mouth; eat slowly or in small bits

nimble: light and quick in motion; moving with ease and celerity; lively; swift

nocturnal: of or relating to or occurring in the night; most active at night

notable: worthy of note or notice; remarkable; important

notify: make known; give notice to; inform by notice

notion: general or universal conception; belief or opinion

notorious: disreputable; known widely and usually unfavorably; infamous

novel: previously unknown; strikingly new, unusual, or different; young

novice: beginner; person new to a field or activity

noxious: harmful to living things; injurious to health

obese: extremely fat; grossly overweight

obituary: death notice; list of dead

objective: not influenced by emotions; having actual existence or reality

oblique: having slanting or sloping direction, course, or position; inclined

oblivious: inattentive or unmindful; lacking all memory; forgetful

oblong: having greater length than breadth, especially when rectangular

obscene: offensive to accepted standards of decency or modesty; repulsive; disgusting

obscure: darken; make dim or indistinct; conceal in obscurity

obsequious: slavishly attentive; attempting to win favor from influential people by flattery

obsolete: no longer useful; outmoded; antiquated

obstinate: stubbornly adhering to an attitude or opinion; hard to control or treat

obtrude: push oneself or one's ideas forward or intrude; stick out or extrude

obvious: exposed; easily discovered; plain

odd: not easily explained; beyond from the usual or expected; not divisible by two

odor: scent; property or quality of a thing that affects, stimulates, or is perceived by the sense of smell

offhand: without planning or thinking ahead; right away; immediately

offspring: descendant

omen: any indication or action regarded as a foreshowing; phenomenon supposed to portend good or evil

ominous: threatening; foreshadowing evil or tragic developments

ooze: be any thick messy substance; pass gradually; progress slowly but steadily

opportune: timely; just in time; suited or right for a particular purpose

orbit: path; circle; move in an orbit; encircle

ordeal: severe trial; form of trial to determine guilt or innocence; difficult or painful experience

ornamental: decorative; any plant grown for its beauty or ornamental value

ostracize: exclude from community or group; banish by popular vote

outgoing: sociable; going out or away; departing

outlet: an opening that permits escape or release; activity that releases creative energy or emotion

outlook: prospect; view; belief about the future ; act of looking out

outrage: act of extreme violence or viciousness; offense

outskirt: part or region remote from a central district, as of a city or town; fringe; outer border

outstanding: distinguished from others in excellence

overall: general; comprehensive; from one end to the other; including everything

overcast: covered or obscured, as with clouds or mist; gloomy; melancholy

overcome: defeat another in competition or conflict; conquer; prevail over

overdue: past due; not paid at the scheduled time; late; delayed

overlook: ignore; disregard; fail to notice ; watch over

override: ride over or across; ride upon; trample down.

overrun: run or extend beyond normal or desired limit; overflow

oversee: supervise; manage; watch over and direct; examine or inspect

oversight: unintentional omission or mistake; watchful care or management; supervision

overt: open to view; not secret or hidden

overtake: come up with in a course, pursuit, progress, or motion; catch up with; come upon from behind; capture; overcome

overwhelm: defeat; cover completely or make imperceptible; overcome by superior force ; charge someone with too many tasks

pace: single movement from one foot to the other in walking; slow gait; step

pacifist: one opposed to force; antimilitarist

pacify: ease anger or agitation of; make calm or quiet; end war or violence

pact: written agreement between two states or sovereigns; treaty

painstaking: extremely careful and diligent work or effort; taking of pains

pale: not ruddy; dusky white; pallid; not bright or brilliant

paltry: insignificant; lacking in importance or worth; worthless

panacea: remedy for all diseases, evils, or difficulties; a cure-all

panic: sudden mass fear and anxiety

particle: a tiny piece of anything

path: way; footway; course or track; route; passage

patronage: sponsorship; support; state of being a sponsor

peculiar: special; characteristic; unusual; odd; bizarre

pedantic: marked by narrow focus on or display of learning, especially formal rules and trivial points; bookish

penetrate: pierce; go through; permeate

perceive: become aware of through the senses; detect

perceptible: capable of being perceived; cognizable; discernible; perceivable

perch: a place high up; an elevated place serving as a seat

perennial: lasting indefinitely long time; suggesting self-renewal; remaining active throughout all the time

perforate: pierce, punch, or bore hole or holes in; penetrate

peril: danger; risk; hazard; jeopardy; exposure of person or property to injury, loss, or destruction

perilous: full of, attended with, or involving, peril; dangerous; hazardous

periodic: repeated; recurring at intervals of time

permeate: spread or flow throughout; pervade

pernicious: very destructive; tending to cause death or serious injury; deadly

perpetual: everlasting; continuing without interruption

perplexing: puzzling; lacking clarity of meaning; complicated

persecute: pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict; beset with cruelty or malignity; harass; annoy

pertain: belong; have connection with, or dependence on

pertinent: having precise or logical relevance; pertaining or relating

pervade: pass or flow through, as an aperture; permeate; pass or spread through the whole extent of

petulant: easily irritated or annoyed; unreasonably irritable or ill-tempered

pierce: penetrate; make a hole into

pillage: rob of goods by force, especially in time of war; plunder; take as spoils

placate: appease or pacify; bring peace to

placid: peaceful; tranquil; calm or quiet

plague: epidemic disease with a high death rate; annoyance

plausible: likely but not certain to be or become true or real

plead: appeal or request earnestly; enter a plea; offer as an excuse

plethora: excess; overfullness in any respect; superabundance

poise: be balanced or held in suspension; hover; carry or hold in equilibrium; balance

poky: confined; cramped.

ponder: weigh; weigh in the mind; view with deliberation; examine carefully; consider attentively

portion: section or quantity within a larger thing; a part of a whole

portray: depict; describe; draw

posthumous: after death, as of child born after father's death or book published after author's death

postpone: hold back to a later time; delay; defer

potent: powerful; having power to influence or convince; having great control or authority

pounce: attacks suddenly; seize something swiftly and eagerly; leap into the air intending to seize someone or something

preach: advocate; speak, plead; argue in favor of

precarious: uncertain; risky; dangerously lacking in security or stability

precept: rule or principle prescribing particular action or conduct; authorized direction or order

precious: of high worth or cost

precipitation: unexpected acceleration or hastening; the quantity of water falling to earth

precise: exact; clearly expressed; accurate or correct

predicament: tricky or dangerous situation; dilemma; troublesome

preface: something spoken as introductory to a discourse, or written as introductory to a book or essay

prerogative: privilege; unquestionable right; exclusive power to command

presage: foretell or predict; indicate or warn of in advance

prescribe: dictate; guide; advise the use of; assert a right; claim

presumptuous: overconfident; going beyond what is right or proper; excessively forward

pretense: act of giving a false appearance; imaginative intellectual play

pretext: excuse; something serving to conceal plans; fictitious reason

prevail: induce; be greater in strength or influence; triumph; win out

prevalent: widespread; widely or commonly occurring, existing, accepted

prior: preceding in the order of time; former; previous

probe: explore with tools; investigate; search

proclaim: declare; announce

procure: bring into possession; cause to accrue to, or to come into possession of; cause to come; bring

prodigal: wasteful; reckless with money

prodigious: impressively great in size, force, or extent; enormous

profane: violate; put to improper, unworthy, or degrading use; abuse

profound: deep; not superficial; far-reaching

profuse: in great quantity or abundance; bountiful; exceedingly liberal

proliferate: grow rapidly; propagate; reproduce

prolific: producing offspring or fruit in great abundance; fertile

prolong: make longer; draw out; lengthen

prominent: conspicuous; immediately noticeable; sticking out; widely known

promiscuous: having casual sexual relations frequently with different partners; irregular, casual and unrestrained in sexual behavior

prompt: move to act; incite; give rise to; assist with a reminder

pronounced: clear; distinct; strongly marked; easily noticeable; spoken; voiced

propriety: fitness; correct conduct; quality of being proper; appropriateness

proscribe: command against; banish; outlaw

prosper: flourish; thrive; gain in wealth; grow stronger

protagonist: principal character in a work of fiction; main character in a drama; leader of a cause; champion

provenance: place of origin; source; provenience

provisional: temporary; provided for present need only

provoke: stir to anger; give rise to; stir to action or feeling

prudent: cautious; careful in regard to one's own interests

pseudonym: pen name; fictitious name used when someone performs a particular social role

pulverize: pound, crush, or grind to powder or dust

pungent: stinging; sharp in taste or smell; caustic

pursue: follow in; go in search of or hunt for

puzzling: lacking clarity of meaning; confusing

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